Replacing the wiring in the apartment with their own hands

Wiring can last a maximum of about 20 to 25 years. Then it comes into disrepair, and it needs to be changed. In modern conditions, replacement is required much earlier, because the wiring is charged with a very high load. In the Khrushchev houses and panel houses, this work is done in approximately the same way. In this article we will talk about how to replace the wiring in the apartment, give step by step instructions, as well as accompany all the photo and video materials.

Signs of destruction

Signs of destruction of electrical wiring

Electrical Appliances Wiring begins to break down over time. However, it can burn out much earlier. The reason for this today are various electrical appliances that require a lot of energy. Especially "voracious" unit - heater. Such devices can consume 7 times more energy than a TV.

If a computer, a refrigerator, a heater, and household appliances such as a microwave oven are simultaneously turned on in the network, then soon either electricity is cut off or irreversible wiring processes begin.

There are several signs that signal that it is time to start a major replacement:

• when you turn on the devices, the sockets sparkle;
• you can feel a distinct smell of burning;
• the wiring breaks off easily, like a dried twig;
• there is no power supply in some outlets;
• current leakage occurs through the walls.

The first three signs already indicate that it is no longer necessary to delay.

Preparation

Electrical drawing of the house

1. First wiring replacement step - this is a statement of the fact that it will have to be produced throughout the apartment, and not in part. Because partial replacement of the problem can only be exacerbated.
2. The master needs to prepare a detailed drawing in which all the electrical parts of the house will be located.
3. When the plan is ready, you need to purchase the necessary materials. You will need boxes, switches and sockets. All elements of the system must be new.
4. Required tools Of the tools you will need:

• Bulgarian;
• punch;
• screwdrivers;
• soldering iron;
• pliers;
• terminal blocks;
• knife;
• trowel;
• level;
• phase indicator.

Wiring is bought after the length of the route along which the cable will be laid out. It is necessary to make allowances for this length, so that the wires are exactly enough.

It is also necessary to take some consumables. For example, you need a rag tape.

Power consumption

Which cable to choose

The wiring should be replaced as follows , so as not to happen failures and overvoltage. For this, it is necessary that there is enough power for each device.

Required electrical equipment

Power depends on the cable cross section. To make the right choice, you need to make a small count.

1. It is necessary to add the power of all devices that will be included in the network.
2. An additional 100 watts should be added to each device.
3. Now the resulting number should be divided by 220.

If the number that came out as a result is within 12 - 15, then there will be enough wiring with a section of 1.5 mm2. This is the most common indicator. However, sometimes the result is higher.

Connecting the second line

If the result is higher than the specified interval, then the master has two way out.

1. You can install a larger wiring.
2. It is necessary to make two from the shield - three lines of cable.

The second option is preferable because a thicker cable makes the system unreliable. The probability of failures is great.

Tips

Connecting the wires to the shield

Now that everything is ready, it remains to understand how to replace the wiring.

1. De-energizing the apartment The very first stage is de-energizing the apartment. It should be carried out with all precautions. After de-energizing, you should make sure that there is really no more current.
2. The second stage is connecting the wires to the shield. As a rule, self-replacement of electrical wiring is performed in the same way as a professional team does - from the corridor. Cables are laid from the main panel to other rooms. It is connected to sockets and switches. However, this may cause some inconvenience.
3. Roadways There is a slightly different way of laying the cable - from rooms to the panel. To do this, you must first replace the wiring in one of the rooms by connecting it temporarily through the terminal blocks to the junction box. Gradually it is necessary to completely update all the cables in the house.This option is best suited when the family has to live in an apartment during the renovation.
4. After connecting the wires must be hidden. They are placed in old shafts or form new channels for this purpose. Furrows are closed with plaster and putty.
5. The switches and sockets are mounted at one of the last stages. By this time the putty should be already dry.

This is the end of the work itself. Only decorative surface finish remains. If we are talking about a wooden house, the internal cable installation is almost impossible here. That is, theoretically it can be done with the help of professionals. But on their own for such a work is better not to take. In wooden structures, cables are carried out externally using various hoses.

Video

The process of wiring is presented in the following video:

Also, you can find additional materials in our video section:

• Video on the installation of the distribution panel 27>
• Video: how to install and connect the socket