Rafter Roof System: Components

Many owners of buildings, preferring the roof configuration, often stop at a budget version of the roof with 2 pitched elements. Such a structure is different strength, stability and practicality. It is able to protect from any weather and bad weather. The main component of almost any building becomes the presence of the roof system of a dual-pitch roof. Below you can learn about its device and structural elements.

Rays can have different configurations in the form of cones, pyramids, spiers. The conditions of the Russian climate are most acceptable for the construction of a gable rafter.

A gable roof - what is it? The mentioned structure is a variant of the roof, consisting of slopes with a smooth surface in the form of a rectangle, which are combined in the upper part of a single angle. Side openings in the form of a triangle remain free. Gables are fixed in them. For giving of a fortress and firmness in a construction establish various props.

Components of gable roofs

Any parts of the gable roofs are represented by planks, bars and beams. They differ in length, profile and configuration.

1. Mauerlat. This is a rod of coniferous wood, having a square cross-section. Its dimensions are within 10–15 cm. The mauerlat is installed near the bearing walls with the help of anchors. It helps to divide the load from the supporting legs to the main bearing devices.
2. Truss foot. This is a beam 15 cm long, 5-10 cm wide (in section). These parts just make up the triangle of the roof, protecting against various precipitation. To give the structure greater strength, the support devices are placed at a certain distance - 0.6-1.2 m. The heaviest roof provides the basis for reducing this distance.
3. Lying down. A log of square shape, the cross section of which is similar to the mauerlat. It fits in a straight position, from the inside, on the main wall. Helps balance the mass of the structure from the roof pillars.
4. Tightening. This part is used for the hanging components of the truss system. It helps to finish the device, fastening it in a special way.
5. Racks. This is a vertical beam, which takes the brunt of the ridge, moving it to the inner wall of the building.
6. Strutting. Designed to move between the rafter legs and carrier parts. Combining tightening and struts, get a very reliable element. The roof in this version will withstand any load.
7. Crate. Crate boards are installed perpendicular to truss feet. This part of the construction serves to connect them. For the construction of this part of the device are treated wood or beams.
8. The ridge of the roof. This element is a part of the roof, located in the upper part and serving to connect the 2 slopes. It is constructed by joining the feet of rafters at the top. Located horizontally.
9. Roof overhang. This part can be seen extending from the walls at a distance of up to 40 cm. The overhang prevents the walls of the building from getting wet by raindrops.
10. Filly. Help in the construction of the overhang of the roof. Their construction is resorted to in the presence of overly short legs in the structure. Their length is increased by these elements, boards with a smaller section.

Varieties of roof systems of gable roofs

The presented systems are of 2 types: hanging and inclined. The variant under the first number is used when the external walls of the building are located at a distance of less than 10 m from each other. In this space should not be located a single element of the structure. The house being built, divided by columns, has 2 variants of the truss system.

The hanging type system assumes that the rafters are supported on the side walls. The fact is that an increased load may appear here, as a result of which the walls may collapse. To prevent such cases, trussed legs tie. It creates a strong triangle, which is not able to change under load. The advantage of such a structure will be that to install the mauerlat, there is no special need. Structural elements are installed very simply, the walls are the support for the feet of rafters.

The most successful construction is a gable roof, which has an inclined angle of 40 °. This option becomes the most economical variety. In this case, the mass of the structure is distributed equally. The broken version of such a structure consists of 2 parts: a sloping slope and a plane with a sharp slope. Here you can see the attic, which is not afraid of precipitation, snow masses cleverly roll off from it. This roof system helps to build an attic, which is often used as a room for technical needs.But the subsequent settlement of such site is supposed. The roof of the broken type allows you to build an attic and use this living space as a room suitable for living.

The main actions, representing such a variant of the construction, are connected with careful and scrupulous measurement. All major elements must be well assembled, docked and securely fixed.

Construction of the truss system is associated with such actions: definition and installation of rafters, power plate. In order for the structure to acquire a maximum fortress, reinforcing elements are used in the interval between the rafters. Such manipulations will help to acquire a special hardness.

The recommended variant is the system of rafters, which combines rafters of trailing and oblique character. There are situations in which the installation of one of these elements is impossible. Such a combination helps to significantly save on material, contributes to the strengthening of the structure. One of the difficult moments in the construction of the roof will be the delivery of building materials to the top. Many of the techniques used in modern conditions, allow you to collect this design directly on the ground, followed by placing it on the roof.

Such a system can be attributed to both positive and negative factors. Thus, the comfort of the installation works ensures the clarity of the assembly, however, lifting the whole structure upwards makes the roof structure the most difficult.

Uniqueness of installation of rafters

To build such a device, you need a good material that is expensive. Here will be completely unnecessary cracks, knots and other flaws. The classic dimensions of this method would be 50x150x6000 mm. When increasing the length of the beam, its width should correspond to 180 mm. Otherwise, the design may collapse.

As soon as the rafters are ready, you can proceed to the installation. They should be secured with a tie. Here it is necessary to observe the distance between the beams, the allowable distances are indicated in the project. Upon completion of this process in the upper part of the horse. Strengthening the structure can be done with bolts, iron brackets, corners.

The named device, consisting only of hanging components, makes the further stage unnecessary. When installing slant rafters, it is important to install a rack for them. To reduce the level of bending the legs of the structure, it is necessary to calculate the position of the supports so that these elements are located exactly on them.

Fastening of the power plate: features

This part of the structure is represented by a bar of the following dimensions: 150x150 mm. It becomes a kind of footrest rafters on the slant nature. Mauerlat is a special element that serves as a lining component for the entire structure. It is located along the entire length of the roof. As a base, not allowing the bar to change over time, will be the construction of the lattice, consisting of racks, bolts and struts. For such purposes, you can take boards of the following dimensions: 150x25 mm.

Mauerlat is placed on top of the bearing walls from the outside and inside. Strengthen it should be very hard as possible. Such manipulations will prevent it from falling in strong winds. Fix the bars need on top of the waterproofing layer. It is necessary to proceed from the top of the base, observing the height of 40 cm. The fix can be fixed under the supports in small fractions.

To connect all the elements, often take the metal plates, bolts.

Eaves overhangs are good for tying the top of the roof. They will protect the lower part of the rafter from adverse external influences. The length of the overhangs is 0.5 m.