Design of Khrushchev 90 photos - redevelopment and design options

The times when apartments were handed out for free were irretrievably gone. And not so long ago, when the country began to recover after the war, in the era of large-panel housing construction, beginning in 1955, they tried to provide housing if not all, then many. Of course, these apartments, which in the common people are casually called "Khrushchev", are far from perfect: too thin and uneven walls, low ceilings, inconvenient planning, sound and heat insulation is not at the proper level. But then they built quickly, and the Khrushchev completed their task in full.

In just 9 years, a quarter of the country's population was provided with housing. And still Khrushchev make up a significant part of the housing stock. They give way to new homes only in the central districts of the capital and other large cities, while in the provinces Khrushchev will stand for a long time. Their resource, which was previously 50 years, was revised and increased to 150 years, subject to major repairs. So what is the point to think over the design of Khrushchev and to do major repairs in it, of course, there is.

That such a beautiful interior of Khrushchev with redevelopment can be realized

Yes, in Soviet times and such apartments Were glad: let it be a dwelling, where there is only 1 room, and that one is small, but its own. Norms of living space were calculated not for reasons of comfort, but taking into account only the necessary minimum for human physiology. Now, when the needs have changed, the owners of Khrushchev want to somehow transform their homes in order to achieve comfort and functionality.

Khrushchev’s design options are actually not too few, especially if they involve redevelopment, for example, dividing one uncomfortable room into 2 rooms that perform different tasks, or expanding narrow and small rooms at the expense of passable areas. Some options are more successful, some less, but one thing is for sure, even an apartment of such a small area with low ceilings can become a modern dwelling.

Redevelopment

Perhaps, an interesting design in Khrushchev can be created only if you perform a competent redevelopment. Apartments do not have a large area, but their significant drawback is that the rooms are often narrow, inconvenient, with a walk-through area, non-functional corridors. You can eradicate this problem only by resorting to redevelopment.

Khrushchev built for projects of several model series. They differ quite slightly among themselves, but one thing unites them - a small area:

• One-room apartments - 29-33 m ² ,
• Two-room apartments - 30- 46 m ² ,
• Three-room apartments - 55-58 m ² .

When designing the redevelopment project, it will be necessary to solve a number of tasks. One of the problems will be associated with the legalization of redevelopment, since not every designer “flight of fancy” can be implemented legally. First you need to get permission for redevelopment.

Dismantling the walls will have to be legitimized

The first difficulty may arise with the definition of load-bearing walls. Fortunately, in almost all the Khrushchev internal partitions do not perform the carrier function, but only divide the space of the apartment into rooms, so they can be demolished without hindrance, making major repairs. However, there are exceptions, in panel Khrushchev can be found and bearing walls inside the apartment. Just in case, it is necessary to say how to determine the bearing wall in the apartment:

• According to the apartment plan. You can get this kind of document in the BTI. You will be provided with a typical plan of the apartment with the designation of bearing walls and partitions.
• Visually:
  • The load-bearing wall will be thicker than the partition. In Khrushchev, the thickness of the bearing wall will be at least 12 cm without finishing.
  • Interfloor overlappings will always rest on the bearing walls.

If the wall is still bearing, then the opening will need to be strengthened with metal or wooden supports. Redevelopment, which provides for partial dismantling of the bearing wall, can be carried out only with the permission of the housing inspection, strictly observing the approved project.

The opening in the supporting wall needs to be properly strengthened, for example, with the help of the channel

Even if the supporting walls in the redevelopment will not be involved, there may be a number of problems. For example, if redevelopment is associated with the expansion of the "wet zone". According to the law, the bathroom and toilet can be expanded only at the expense of non-residential premises, i.e. a corridor, kitchen or pantry. The only exception is for the residents of the first floors, where these restrictions do not apply.

In Khrushchev houses there is often a small, slightly functional corridor connecting the hallway and the kitchen, due to which it would be convenient to expand the bathroom.Here it is on the diagram:

This is a controversial area, because of which the process of redevelopment

Actually, this is a corridor, but this section is designated as a residential zone on the plans, so it remains to put up with it, or act in two stages: first, divide this section with a partition and redevelop the living space into the corridor, then get permission for another redevelopment - expansion of the bathroom and arrange all documents according to the rules. That is, you will have to first make redevelopment of this type:

This is a preliminary redevelopment, in order to legitimize the non-residential status of the passage to the kitchen

Incidentally, an increase in the bathroom due to the passage will require additional waterproofing.

If it is planned to combine the kitchen and living room in order to create a spacious living-dining area, another restriction may be encountered here: combining living space with a kitchen in the presence of a gas stove is not allowed. There are two ways out: to change the plate to an electric one, or to install a light movable partition (after the commission arrives, it can be dismantled).

It is worth thinking about solving a number of other issues, which are discussed below.

Insulation . Since the insulation in Khrushchev is insufficient - it is hot in the summer, it is cold in the winter, the walls in the corner apartments often freeze through - the insulation of the walls should be strengthened. Moreover, the internal insulation in Khrushchev is inapplicable, since the implementation of this method leads to a shift of the dew point inside the walls. The walls as a result begin to collapse, especially brick. Thermal insulation is available by plating external walls with polystyrene plates or using crates and mineral wool on the first floors of the building.

Replacing the glazing . Old wooden windows should be replaced with new plastic ones. There will be some difficulties to face. Firstly, in some Khrushchev (panel) windowsills are missing, and secondly, the window opening is likely to be uneven. If you contact the company with experience, then problems with installing the window will not arise, since the experience of replacing windows in Khrushchev gained. Something you have to think carefully:

• how wide the window sill will be,
• how to make the window's insulation.

Usually they try to make the window sill wider so that there is a place for indoor plants. In Khrushchev, where initially there were no windowsills, this should be avoided. On the one hand, the support area for a wide sill is insufficient, which means that the design will be very unstable, on the other hand, a wide sill will cause a disturbance of heat transfer. By the way, plaster slopes should be dismantled completely.

Ideas for redevelopment

So, the main problems of redevelopment and repair in the Khrushchev are marked. Now about the specific ideas of redevelopment.

One-room Khrushchev

It would seem that you can think of having one-room Khrushchev as the source data? It turns out that the bathroom can be enlarged and a separate bedroom can be made; at least, it is quite possible to make re-planning more comfortable.

Typical layout of a one-room Khrushchev

Typical layout of a one-room apartment in the Khrushchev is a corridor leading to the kitchen and the "arch" in the living room. In some episodes, the "arch" was built up, and the passage into the room was located directly opposite the entrance door. Sometimes the project involved a pantry. In the corner apartments on the long wall of the living room there was another window.

Re-planning Option	Description of Re-Planning
	This is a redevelopment option where the “arch” is built up and turns into a regular doorway, the living room functionality in this case increases, since along the wall that is longer in length, you can put, for example, a sofa. The door to the toilet is also transferred, due to the curvature of the space, the hallway becomes more spacious. Now the corner wardrobe can be comfortably accommodated here. The kitchen remains unchanged.
	Here you can see that all interior partitions, including the bathroom partitions, are completely demolished. The space is completely rebuilt. The bathroom is expanding at the expense of the corridor, now there is enough space to install a washing machine. The sink, by the way, is transferred to the opposite wall, which will require the supply of sewage. The partition between the living room and the kitchen is dismantled, the wall between the bathroom and the kitchen is extended by building up the old doorway: you can place a full-fledged kitchen set. The lack of redevelopment is that the area of ​​the hallway is decreasing, but now in the living room it is now convenient to position the wardrobe, especially since there is a place for hangers and shelves for shoes in the hallway.
	Another variant of space transformation due to the passage. In this case, the orientation of the bathroom changes - it slightly increases in size, but the main emphasis is placed on increasing the area of ​​the kitchen. It is partially combined with the living room due to the wide opening in which you can install sliding partitions.
	Much attention is paid to storage areas, and there is a place for a double bed, it is not separated from the living room area, but is in a cozy corner. The kitchen is combined with the living room, a separate niche for the refrigerator is arranged. To beat the kitchen, living and sleeping areas, you can use the design. Pay attention to the bathroom. The entrance to it is transferred from the hallway to the passage, due to which the door is removed from the narrow hallway. Replacing the bathtub with a shower cabin allows you to unload space and install a washing machine.
	In this version, due to the transfer of the doorway to the kitchen, the bathroom, or rather the bath, part of the wall is sloped, thanks to what turned out to be a full doorway to the living room. The kitchen space is not significantly optimized.
	Here the partition between the hallway and the living room is demolished. On this place there is a wardrobe. Partially there is no partition between the living room and the kitchen. The role of the space divider is performed by the bar counter. Due to the shift of the dining area from the kitchen to the living room, the kitchen has become much more spacious. The kitchen set in this variant is located by the letter "G" and occupies not only a long wall, but also a wall with a window. Perhaps, it is necessary to note the lack of storage places and a small bathroom, which is not rebuilt, but instead of a bath a shower cabin and a washing machine are installed.
	Even such a small apartment as a one-room Khrushchev can be made two-room if necessary. For example, on this plan you can see that in the far corner of the living room put a bed and bedside cabinet. The bedroom area is separated by a partial partition to leave access for natural light, as the bedroom has no window. Kitchen and dining area are united by a single worktop. Conducted zoning using flooring. There is storage space in the hallway and in the living room.
	In the corner Khrushchev, where there are two windows in the room, the redevelopment options are more accurate, more precisely one full bright room rooms with natural light. On this plan it can be seen that the partition between the kitchen and the living room has been demolished, but a new partition has been erected, which now divides the room into two parts. The result was a great apartment with separate rooms: a living-dining room and a bedroom. Bathroom redevelopment does not affect the zone.
	This re-planning option is similar to the previous one, but the entrance to the bedroom is from the living room. But in the bedroom you can order a large wardrobe, which will solve the problem with storage space.

Two-room Khrushchev

A typical layout of a two-room Khrushchev gives you more options for design, especially if all the walls in the apartment are not carriers.

In a typical two-room Khrushchev can significantly expand the bathroom through the passage, to organize a spacious dining-living room. In addition, from the two-room apartment you can actually make a "three rubles". There are three common standard layouts of dvushek in Khrushchev, which have received popular names among the people: "book", "tram", "mini-better".

Tram

Redevelopment option	Description of redevelopment
	The partition between the room and the living room is simply demolished. The space of the former passage is now divided between three rooms: a hallway, a bathroom and a kitchen. In the hallway - a wardrobe, in the bathroom - a washing machine, in the kitchen - a niche under the refrigerator. The doorway to the pantry is built up. She turned into a dressing room with an entrance from the bedroom. Kitchen combined with living room.
	A similar option. The difference is that in the hallway there is no niche for the closet, and in the living room, opposite the entrance door, there is a working place. The entrance to the wardrobe is not from the bedroom, but from the living room, next to the workplace.
	Here the redevelopment mainly concerned the kitchen and living room. The wall between the living room and the kitchen has been demolished, and instead there is an island kitchen sink. The dining area is now in the living room: the dining table is adjacent to the sofa. Behind the sliding partition there is a double bed, which we managed to fit in thanks to the build-up of the wall between the hallway and the living room.From the bedroom area you can go to the spacious dressing room, hidden behind a sliding door. The bedroom became a nursery for two children.
	The disadvantage of this redevelopment is immediately visible - it is too long and narrow corridor, but, nevertheless, this option also has the right to exist. After all, it allows you to make separate rooms, expand the bathroom at the expense of the corridor, select the storage area. Both the bedroom and the living-dining room are divided by partial partitions, which perform the function of zoning the space, allocating a recreation area.
	In this embodiment, a niche for a refrigerator and a wardrobe were made at the passage. The partition between the kitchen and the living room is only partially removed, just to make a new entrance. The living room turned out dark, the light comes only thanks to the transparent inserts in the partitions. But the new bedroom turned out very bright and with a balcony.
	This kind of re-planning is also possible. Part of the pantry and the bedroom become a common space from the living room, the partition between the living room and the hallway moves deeper into the room, the kitchen partition is dismantled. It turns out a very spacious living-dining room, a small bedroom and a full dressing room.
	The kitchen and living room are not combined here, as in most of the previous options, but the bathroom is also expanded due to the passage. The partition in the bedroom divides the room into two bedrooms - one with a window, the other without it. The wall is made in a zigzag manner to leave space in both rooms under deep built-in wardrobes.
	This option is similar to the previous one. The bedroom here is also rebuilt in such a way that two separate rooms are obtained from it, but the bathroom is not reconstructed, now there is a dressing room in the aisle and space for the built-in wardrobe in the hallway. The partition between the living room and the hallway is transferred further - a comfortable workplace is organized.
	An interesting variant is a diagonal redevelopment, as, for example, can be seen on this plan. Thanks to this approach, it was possible to fit the corner bath into the bathroom, and to combine the washbasin and the washing machine under the common worktop. The kitchen does not expand, but its design changes significantly. First, the partition is demolished. The table is replaced by a bar. Secondly, the sink is transferred to the side of the wall with a window. The partition between the bedroom and the living room is transferred to install the built-in furniture. The highlight of the project is a dressing room, on the sides of which you can place corner cabinets-canisters.
	Here is also a diagonal entrance hall. But the bedroom is significantly expanded due to the living room. In fact, it turns out a three-room apartment, but the living room is small and is separated from the kitchen by a low partition.
	A similar project, but the entrance hall is slightly larger. There is a niche under the cabinet. Bathroom enlarged.
	Two-room Khrushchev on two sides. The rooms here are adjacent. And the main task is to make them separate. The door to the bathroom is transferred from the narrow hallway, and by reducing the living room area, it is possible to allocate space for a pantry or dressing room. The bedroom is separated through the shelving, thanks to it the illumination does not decrease significantly, but the space is zoned to the bedroom and the living room. Instead of the former living room is now a children's room.

Three-room apartment

In a three-room apartment, the task of redevelopment also reduces to solving the problem of adjacent rooms and their small area.

A typical layout of a three-room apartment implies a small kitchen and a walk-through living room, from which the entrance to the bedroom is made, one bedroom is separate. This may be a book-type layout:

Three-room

Or a tram plan:

Replanning Options	Replanning Description
	This plan shows that the entrance to the bathroom was moved and made at the junction of the walls, kitchen partitions and the hallway dismantled. The pantry is converted into a dressing room and slightly expanded due to the passage.
	In this embodiment, there is no partition between the living room and the living room. The bathroom is combined. The partition between the living room and the kitchen is partially removed, but remains opposite the bathroom. The entrances to one of the bedrooms and a wardrobe are arranged in a semicircle.
	There is a large and comfortable walk-in closet, which is accessed from the bedroom. In the living room -special rounded niche for the TV, which has become a central element. The living room is also a dining area.

Photo redevelopment

Here you can see the kitchen area in the apartment converted into a studio. On the wall are family photos.

View from the living room. The apartment is interesting in design - the circle is played up. You can watch the projection of the circle on the floor and ceiling.

The process of combining the kitchen and living room. Traces of the old wall are still visible on the ceiling.

Dining area in the living room combined with the kitchen

Bedroom without windows. This may look like a bedroom in a one-room Khrushchev

Video: redeveloping a bathroom in a Khrushchev

Video: combining the kitchen and living room

Hall Design

The hall in the Khrushchev Khrushchev Hall has several drawbacks:

• miniature;
• a long and narrow corridor;
• uncomfortable layout in the form of the letter "G".

To avoid a lack of space, the hallway can be expanded through a bathroom or living room, at least in order to install a wardrobe. The fact is that even a narrow closet in such a hallway would be inappropriate, because the situation is often aggravated by a bathroom door opening to the entrance hall. If you do not plan to increase the room, you will have to go for various design tricks to avoid the feeling of cluttering the hallway.

Design techniques that will maximize interior unloading:

• Minimalist furniture . This concerns not only furniture design, but also its quantity. In the hallway should be only the most necessary. These are, for example, places for shoes and clothes. And you should avoid open hangers, as even a couple of sets of winter clothes on it will create a clutter effect. Still need to try to allocate space for the closet. It may be a small corner cupboard with a mirrored door. Nearby you can hang a small shelf for small things that should be at hand. Generally angular designs and mirrors should be used in the hall of Khrushchev. That's just opposite the door to hang a mirror is not recommended for Feng Shui.
• To expand the space will help competent selection of the color of the interior . It is known that light colors visually make the interior more spacious. This is true for the hallway. However, if you follow this advice, choose materials that can be washed. For example, for walls it can be paint, for a floor tile or ceramic tile. Avoid materials with a porous texture, it is easy to get them dirty in a narrow hallway, but it will be difficult to return the old look. From the crowded hallway distract color accents, but do not overdo it - they should not be much. As for the ceilings, they certainly must be light, no experiments with dark shades on the ceiling, otherwise there will be a feeling of a very low ceiling.
• Lighting . Of course, the design of the corridor should provide for carefully thought-out lighting. In the hallway, which is a priori devoid of a natural source of light, it is extremely important. The best option would be a stretch glossy ceiling with spotlights. Their number should be sufficient. For example, often lamps have along the entire ceiling along the center line or along the perimeter of the walls in two rows. Additional wall lights can be provided. The switch must be positioned so that it can be reached from the threshold. It is quite uncomfortable when it is located in the center of the hallway. We have to cross part of the hallway in the dark in dirty shoes, coming from the street, just to turn on the light. By the way, if the corridor is long, then it is advisable to install a switch through which you can control the lighting from different ends of the corridor.
• Zoning . In a miniature hallway zoning, perhaps, would be inappropriate, can not be said about the long corridor. Some designers advise to divide the space of such a corridor into two, maximum three zones with the help of arches; you can also use color solutions.

Photos of the interiors of the hallway

Sometimes a regular open hanger can help out. A large mirror on the side wall will expand the space of a narrow corridor

In the extreme case, narrow lockers for clothing will help out

If the width of the hall allows, you can put a wardrobe along the wall

Agree, the wardrobe at the end of the corridor with photo printing looks very interesting. Like its continuation.

The corner built-in wardrobe with sliding doors is convenient if there is no space for installing a conventional direct wardrobe

Living room design

When designing a living room, you will have to face the same problems as in the hallway: low ceilings, little light.In addition, the living room is often a passage, because of which a significant part of it can not be fully used. Part of the problem is solved with the help of redevelopment, as mentioned above, some can be solved by using competent design ideas.

TV is often hung on this wall

Solutions:

• laconic design, no protruding decorative elements;
• minimal furniture,
• neutral colors; it is possible to use contrasting colors to transform the perception of space, but a professional approach is required.

Most likely, you will have to order furniture according to its size, since it will be difficult to choose something from the finished one.

Suitable furniture of great size is

The replacement of heavy curtains with light curtains will be the best course that will maximize the natural light in the room. In the evening, good artificial lighting should be organized. It can be all the same spotlights in combination with a glossy light stretch ceiling, plasterboard ceiling with niches that are well lit around the perimeter, or the so-called soaring ceiling, realized with the use of LED backlighting.

Of course, you can make a separate bedroom in the Khrushchev, but if you do not want to sacrifice free space, in order to accommodate a double bed, which will stand "dead weight", you can choose furniture-transformer as a solution. Now there is not only a bed for sale, which is transformed into a small sofa, you can buy corner sofas in the complex with living rooms, which will turn into full-fledged beds at night.

The transforming bed is a solution for the Khrushchev

As for the style, with a skillful approach you can arrange living room in almost any of the styles, at least you can use the individual style elements. Here, for example, living rooms in the style of shebby chic and high-tech:

Living room in the style of shebbi-chic

Living room in high-tech style

Bedroom design in the Khrushchev

Bedrooms in such layouts as " the book and the tram are narrow and long. By area, they seem to be not so small, but it does not add functionality to them. If the bedroom is not carried out redevelopment, then we must strive to bring the shape of the bedroom to the square with the help of furniture. This is easy to do if the layout is "book". You can make a spacious dressing room or a spacious wardrobe. With the "tram" is more difficult, but there is also a way out. As you can see above, with the help of redevelopment, you can combine the living room and bedroom in one room.

Bedroom area in the living room

As for the lighting, the choice of furniture and colors, for the bedroom are applicable all the recommendations that were given for the living room and hallway. We should also say that in the design of the bedroom it is better to avoid the use of cold saturated colors in large quantities, however, bright contrasting shades in large quantities are also out of place here. The bedroom should have to rest and rest. Use in the bedroom finishing materials and textiles mainly pastel light shades, combining colors. You can even choose the main white color by doing something in the Scandinavian style.

Scandinavian Style Bedroom

There are specially designed color schemes for interior design that can be successfully use by choosing the color of furniture, finishes and accessories.

Bedroom in pastel green

The contrast will be given to the interior blotches

Do not use complex decorative elements with fancy curved lines. If there is very little space, limit yourself to one bed. A mirror will be functional in the bedroom, especially if there is a place for a small dressing table and a dressing room is located next to it. In the bedroom often hang chandelier. It is better to reject it and limit yourself to spot lighting, but if you really want, then choose a flat model.

Kitchen in Khrushchev

There is too little space in the kitchen in Khrushchev, literally not turning around. We must either do the redevelopment, or try to transform the space so that it becomes functional and convenient.

The main course is furniture under the order. An insignificant moment, but two or three centimeters here and there sometimes decide the "outcome of the battle." Carefully considering the placement of the kitchen, or rather all sections, drawers and appliances, you can literally realize a renovation in the kitchen of Khrushchev. The built-in appliances: microwave, oven, hob, dishwasher, which can be compact.Even refrigerators can now be purchased embedded under the countertop: it seemed - a locker; but no, you open the fridge.

Now it is fashionable to transfer the kitchen sink to the window, thanks to which a high refrigerator can be placed in the corner. We'll have to tinker with the sewer, but the solution is worthwhile.

A kitchen sink by the window will allow you to plan your space more conveniently.

You can also not transfer the sink if you do not see the need for this, but simply use the window sill as a countertop. Some combine a single worktop work area and a bar, which makes the interior more solid.

As for textiles, then pick up short light curtains in the kitchen, and even better horizontal blinds, which are located directly on the casement of plastic windows, are very convenient.

Not quite conveniently located in the Khrushchev in the kitchen sewer and gas pipes. Gas pipes, if desired, can be transferred by contacting the appropriate authority. And you can disguise them with furniture or a plastic box, or collect a box of drywall.

We hope that our advice will help you develop the redevelopment and design of your beloved and native Khrushchev. And finally, we propose to view a selection of photos of the Khrushchev design.

Design of Khrushchev photo