How to make a cellar ventilation

Modern private houses are in most cases equipped with a basement - a room in which more than half the height of the walls is buried in the ground (if the depth is less than half the height, then this is the basement room). The popularity of the use of basements is associated with the possibility of obtaining additional space to accommodate a variety of rooms with different functional orientations: a boiler room, a workshop, a sauna, a gym, an office, a home theater, and others. But the most common use of basements is the device in them cellars. In this case, homeowners create for themselves additional storage space for products, get the opportunity, without leaving the house, to go down to the cellar for the necessary supplies (they are not afraid of any vagaries of weather - frost, snow, rain).

Cellar Requirements

What should be the cellar

The normal functioning of the cellar implies the following conditions are met:

1. Blackout. It is ensured by the absence of windows in the room and the use of electric lighting only while people are in it.
2. Low temperature. It is provided by the location of the cellar in the basement (always in contact with the outer wall of the house).
3. Fresh, clean air. It is provided due to the organization of supply and exhaust ventilation.
4. Relative humidity of about 90%.

Before we learn how to properly do the ventilation of the cellar of a private house, let us examine its purpose.

Ventilation purpose

Air circulation in the cellar An important condition for the efficient use of the cellar is the creation of a ventilation system. Thanks to properly organized ventilation, an atmosphere is created in the cellar that contributes to the long-term storage of vegetables. In a poorly ventilated room, the air becomes moist and musty, which leads to rapid decay of vegetables, and strong ventilation creates a draft, leading to shrinkage of root crops. Therefore, it is very important to establish the correct air exchange in the cellar and create the optimum temperature and humidity conditions in it.

Ventilation device

Ventilation of the cellar

To organize the natural ventilation of the cellar two air ducts: one - supply, the second - exhaust. The material for the manufacture of ducts can serve as a galvanized or asbestos pipe of suitable diameter. The diameter of the pipes is calculated on the basis of the ratio: for 1 m ² of the cellar, it is necessary to provide 26 cm ² of the duct area.

Consider installation requirements for air ducts:

• Flue. Provides removal of stale air from the cellar. It is installed along one corner of the room, while its lower end is located right under the ceiling. The duct runs vertically through all the rooms, the roof and rises above the ridge by about 50 cm. To reduce the amount of condensate inside the pipe (and in winter the amount of frost), it is necessary to heat the exhaust duct using a sandwich principle - pave one pipe to another and fill the gap between the pipes with insulation ( thickness 50 mm).
• Supply pipe. Provides fresh air to the cellar. The pipe is installed in the corner opposite to the installation location of the exhaust duct. The open end of the pipe is at a height of 40-60 cm from the floor of the cellar. The air duct penetrates the ceiling and ends 80 cm above the floor.

To protect the cellar from the entry of insects and rodents, the upper opening of the supply pipe must be closed with a fine mesh.

Fastening the ventilation pipe

Air movement through the ventilation pipes of the cellar occurs due to different specific the weight of the internal warm and outdoor cold air. If the temperature difference is large, then a strong draft may occur, which will quickly freeze the cellar. Therefore, it is recommended to install special gate valves on the intake and exhaust pipes - this will allow to regulate the flow of air circulating in the cellar.

Checking the operation of the ventilation

You can check the efficiency of the ventilation system with the help of thin sheets of paper applied to the ventilation pipes, which should be slightly swayed by the action of moving air streams. Another way to visually observe the air flow is to use smoke from a container with hot coals installed in the cellar.

If the efficiency of the ventilation system is low, then there should be dampness and dampness in the cellar, condensation will form on the surfaces of the walls and the ceiling, and in the worst case, mold will appear.

Increased efficiency

Increased ventilation efficiency

To improve air circulation You can try to adjust the gate. To increase the draft, you can increase the exhaust pipe. If these measures have not yielded visible results, then it is necessary to perform a combined cellar ventilation.

When mounting the combined ventilation, a fan (up to 100 W) is inserted into the exhaust air duct to blow out stagnant air. Due to this, a vacuum will be created and fresh air will begin to flow into the cellar.

Proper ventilation of the cellar ensures excellent preservation of any products.

Video

In the following video you will learn about some of the nuances of the cellar ventilation system:

If you choose ready-made ventilation systems, they should be installed have proven companies with highly qualified specialists. Now on the market there are many ventilation systems for the home, through which you can permanently get rid of the dampness in the cellar.